India All Languages List - Summary
India writes in multiple languages and speaks even more dialects, yet communication thrives in this vibrant subcontinent. Covering about 2.4% of the world’s land surface and accounting for around 16% of the global population (India: A Country Study by James Heitzman and Robert L. Worden eds. Federal Research Division; 1995), India is home to an estimated 1,652 “mother-tongues” – which even includes 103 foreign languages.
Recognized National Languages of India
The Constitution of India officially recognizes a total of 22 languages:
- Assamese — official language of Assam
- Bengali — official language of Tripura and West Bengal
- Bodo — official language of Assam
- Dogri — official language of Jammu and Kashmir
- Gujarati — official language of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, and Gujarat
- Hindi — official language of several states including Arunachal Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and Delhi
- Kannada — official language of Karnataka
- Kashmiri — official language of Jammu and Kashmir
- Konkani — official language of Goa and Mangalore
- Malayalam — official language of Kerala and Lakshadweep
- Manipuri or Meithei — official language of Manipur
- Marathi — official language of Maharashtra
- Nepali — official language of Sikkim
- Oriya — official language of Orissa
- Punjabi — official language of Punjab, Chandigarh, and recognized in Haryana and Delhi
- Sanskrit — language of Hinduism, required in many schools
- Santali — language of the Santhal tribals from the Chota Nagpur Plateau
- Sindhi — language spoken in the Sindhi community
- Tamil — official language of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry
- Telugu — official language of Andhra Pradesh
- Urdu — official language of Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh
Other Important State Languages
These languages serve as official languages in their respective states but are not yet recognized as national languages:
- Kokborok – official language of Tripura
- Mizo – official language of Mizoram
- Khasi – official language of Meghalaya
- Garo – official language of Meghalaya
You can download the India Languages List in PDF format using the link given below.