List of Articles of Indian Constitution 2025 PDF

List of Articles of Indian Constitution 2025 - Summary

On 29 August 1947, the Constituent Assembly set up a Drafting Committee led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to prepare a Draft Constitution for India. While discussing the draft Constitution, the Assembly considered and agreed on many amendments.

The Constitution of India is a very detailed document and one of the longest constitutions in the world. It has a main body with many articles grouped into parts, along with schedules and appendices. Understanding its structure, especially the List of Articles of the Indian Constitution, is important for students and anyone interested in Indian governance.

As of 2025, the Constitution of India includes 448 articles in 25 parts and 12 schedules. Over the years, more than 100 amendments have been made to keep the Constitution relevant and updated with changing times. These amendments have added, removed, or changed various articles.

If you are preparing for competitive exams, knowing the entire List of Articles of the Indian Constitution might seem overwhelming. However, some articles are more important than others, so focusing on them can be helpful. This guide gives a detailed look at the List of Articles of the Indian Constitution, organized by their parts.

List of Parts and Articles of Indian Constitution 2025

The Indian Constitution is divided into different parts, each covering a specific area of governance. Here is a table showing the parts and the range of articles they cover. This List of Articles of Indian Constitution helps you understand the structure of the document.

Important Articles of Indian Constitution for Competitive Exams 2025

If you are preparing for competitive exams, it’s good to know the main articles within each part of the Constitution. This section highlights some of the important articles of the Indian Constitution.

Part I: The Union And Its Territories

• Article 1 – Name and territory of the union.
• Article 3 – Formation of new states and changing areas, boundaries, and names of existing states.

Part II: Citizenship

• Article 10 – Continuance of the rights of citizenship.
• Article 11 – Parliament regulates the right of citizenship by law.

Part III: Fundamental Rights

• Article 13 – Laws inconsistent with or against the fundamental rights.
• Article 14 – Equality before law.
• Article 15 – No discrimination on religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
• Article 16 – Equal opportunity in public employment.
• Article 17 – Abolition of untouchability.
• Article 18 – Abolition of titles.
• Article 19 – Protection of rights like freedom of speech.
• Article 19 (1)(a) – Freedom of speech and expression.
• Article 19 (1)(b) – Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms.
• Article 19 (1)(c) – Freedom to form associations or unions.
• Article 19 (1)(d) – Freedom to move freely across India.
• Article 19 (1)(e) – Freedom to live and settle anywhere in India.
• Article 19 (1)(g) – Freedom to practice any profession or business.
• Article 21 – Protection of life and personal liberty.
• Article 21A – Right to elementary education.
• Article 23 – Prohibition of trafficking in human beings and forced labor.
• Article 24 – Prohibition of child labor in factories, etc.
• Article 25 – Freedom of conscience and religion.
• Article 29 – Protection of minority interests.
• Article 30 – Rights of minorities to set up and manage educational institutions.
• Article 32 – Remedies for enforcing Fundamental Rights, including writs.

Part IV: Directive Principles

• Article 38 – State to create a social order for the welfare of people.
• Article 39A – Equal justice and free legal help.
• Article 40 – Organization of village panchayats.
• Article 44 – Uniform Civil Code for citizens.
• Article 45 – Care and education for children below six years.
• Article 46 – Promotion of education and economic interests of scheduled castes, tribes, and weaker sections.
• Article 50 – Separation of judiciary from the executive.
• Article 51 – Promotion of international peace and security.

Part IV A: Fundamental Duties

Article 51A – Fundamental Duties.

Part V: The Union

• Article 72 – President’s power to grant pardons, suspend, or change sentences in certain cases.
• Article 74 – Council of ministers to help and advise the President.
• Article 76 – Attorney-General for India.
• Article 78 – Duties of the Prime Minister regarding information to the President.
• Article 85 – Sessions of Parliament, prorogation, and dissolution.
• Article 100 – Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act despite vacancies and quorum.
• Article 108 – Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases.
• Article 109 – Special procedure for Money bills.
• Article 110 – Definition of Money bills.
• Article 112 – Annual financial statement.
• Article 123 – President’s power to issue Ordinances during Parliament recess.
• Article 139 – Supreme Court’s powers to issue certain writs.
• Article 141 – Supreme Court decisions are binding on all courts.
• Article 143 – President’s power to consult the Supreme Court.
• Article 148 – Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
• Article 149 – Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor General.

Part VI: The States

• Article 155 – Appointment of Governor.
• Article 161 – Governor’s power to grant pardons and suspend or change sentences in certain cases.
• Article 163 – Council of Ministers to help and advise the Governor.
• Article 167 – Duties of the Chief Minister regarding information to the Governor.
• Article 169 – Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States.
• Article 198 – Special procedure for money bills.
• Article 201 – Bills reserved for the President’s consideration.
• Article 202 – Annual Financial Statement (State).
• Article 224 – Appointment of additional and acting judges.
• Article 224A – Appointment of retired judges at sittings of High Court.
• Article 226 – High Court’s power to issue certain writs.

Part VIII: Union Territories

Article 239 – Administration of Union Territories.

Part IX: Panchayats

• Article 243B – Constitution of Panchayats.
• Article 243G – Powers, authority, and responsibilities of Panchayats.

Part XI: Centre-State Relations

• Article 249 – Parliament’s power to legislate on State List matters in the national interest.
• Article 257 – Union control over States in certain cases.
• Article 262 – Settlement of disputes over inter-state rivers or river valleys.

Part XII: Finance, Property, Contracts, and Suits

Important articles found in Part XII are:

• Article 266 – Consolidated Funds and Public Accounts of India and States.
• Article 267 – Contingency Fund.
• Article 275 – Grants from the Union to certain States.
• Article 280 – Finance Commission.
• Article 300A – People can’t be deprived of property except by law.

Part XIV: Services under the Union and the States

• Article 312 – All-India Services.
• Article 315 – Public Service Commission for the Union and States.

Part XV: Elections

Article 324 – Supervision, direction, and control of elections by Election Commission.

Part XVI: Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes

Important articles in Part XVI include:

• Article 335 – Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts.
• Article 338 – National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
• Article 338A – National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
• Article 340 – Appointment of a commission to investigate conditions of backward classes.

Part XVII: Official Languages

Article 343 – Official Language of the Union.

Part XVIII: Emergency Provisions

• Article 352 – Proclamation of Emergency (National Emergency).
• Article 356 – President’s rule in case of failure of State machinery.
• Article 360 – Financial Emergency provisions.

Part XIX: Miscellaneous

• Article 352 – Proclamation of Emergency (National Emergency).
• Article 356 – President’s rule in case of failure of State machinery.
• Article 360 – Financial Emergency provisions.
• Article 365 – Effect of failing to comply with or giving effect to directions from the Union (President’s rule).

Part XX: Amendment of the Constitution

Article 368 – Parliament’s power to amend the Constitution and related procedure.

Part XXI: Special, Transitional, and Temporary Provisions

• Article 370 – Special provisions for Jammu & Kashmir.
• Article 371A – Special provisions for Nagaland.
• Article 371-J – Special status for Hyderabad-Karnataka region.

Part XXII: Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals

• Article 393 – Short title – This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.

Download the List of Articles of Indian Constitution PDF 2025

You can easily download a complete List of Articles of the Indian Constitution in PDF format for your studies and reference. This PDF contains all the important articles and parts.

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List of Articles of Indian Constitution 2025 PDF Download