Hepatitis B - Summary
“Hepatitis B” refers to a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The liver is a vital organ that plays a key role in processing nutrients, filtering blood, and fighting infections. When hepatitis occurs, it leads to inflammation or damage to the liver, which can affect its important functions. Various factors, including heavy alcohol consumption, exposure to toxins, certain medications, and specific medical conditions, can result in hepatitis.
Hepatitis is most commonly caused by a virus. In India and around the world, the major types of viral hepatitis include Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C.
Understanding Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes both acute and chronic liver disease and is found in many parts of the world. The virus spreads through direct contact with the blood or other body fluids of an infected person.
- When the virus is passed from a mother to her child (vertical transmission) or spreads among young children (horizontal transmission), it often leads to a chronic infection.
- In contrast, when the virus is transmitted among older children and adults—usually through sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, or less frequently through blood transfusions—the infection may resolve unless the person has a weakened immune system (for example, those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus).
- Education about safe practices is crucial in preventing the spread of HBV.
- HBV poses a significant occupational risk for healthcare workers.
- Fortunately, a safe and effective vaccine against HBV has been available since 1982, providing 95% protection against new infections.
You can easily access and download the Hepatitis B PDF using the link provided below. 📥
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