12th Maths Formulas List PDF

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12th Maths Formulas List - Summary

12th formulas serve as powerful tools to solve complex problems and gain insights into various mathematical concepts. By mastering these 12th-grade math formulas, students can enhance their problem-solving skills.

Algebraic formulas, such as the quadratic formula, help find solutions to quadratic equations. Arithmetic and geometric progression formulas enable the computation of sums and terms in these sequences. Trigonometric identities, like the Pythagorean identities, establish relationships between trigonometric functions. Calculus formulas, including derivative and integration rules, are indispensable for analyzing rates of change and calculating areas. Probability and statistics formulas facilitate the interpretation of data and aid in making informed decisions.

Class 12th Maths Formulas Download

Here we have given the list of some formulas for 12th class Math.

Areas

SquareSquareA=l2l : length of side
RectangleRectangleA=w×hw : width
h : height
TriangleTriangleA=b×h2b : base
h : height
RhombusRhombusA=D×d2D : large diagonal
d : small diagonal
TrapezoidTrapezoidA=B+b2×hB : large side
b : small side
h: height
Regular polygonRegular polygonA=P2×aP : perimeter
a : apothem
CircleCircleA=πr2
P=2πr
r : radius
P : perimeter
Cone
(lateral surface)
coneA=πr×sr : radius
s : slant height
Sphere
(surface area)
sphereA=4πr2r: radius

 Volumes

CubeCubeV=s3V=s3ss: side
ParallelepipedParallelepipedV=l×w×hV=l×w×hll: length
ww: width
hh: height
Regular prismPrismV=b×hV=b×hbb: base
hh: height
CylinderCylinderV=πr2×hV=πr2×hrr: radius
hh: height
Cone (or pyramid)ConeV=13b×hV=13b×hbb: base
hh: height
SphereSphereV=43πr3V=43πr3rr: radius

 Functions and Equations for 12th Maths

Directly Proportional     y=kxy=kx                k=yxk=yxkk: Constant of Proportionality
Inversely Proportional     y=kxy=kx                k=yxk=yx
ax2+bx+c=0ax2+bx+c=0Quadratic formulax=b±b24ac−−−−−−−√2ax=-b±b2-4ac2a
ConcavityConcave up: a>0a>0
Concave down: a<0a<0
DiscriminantΔ=b24acΔ=b2-4ac
Vertex of the parabolaV(b2a,Δ4a)V(-b2a,-Δ4a)
y=a(xh)2+ky=a(x-h)2+kConcavityConcave up: a>0a>0
Concave down: a<0a<0
Vertex of the parabolaV(h,k)V(h,k)
Zero-product propertyA×B=0A=0B=0A×B=0⇔A=0∨B=0ex : (x+2)×(x1)=0(x+2)×(x-1)=0⇔
x+2=0x1=0x=2x=1x+2=0∨x-1=0⇔x=-2∨x=1
Difference of two squares(ab)(a+b)=a2b2(a-b)(a+b)=a2-b2ex : (x2)(x+2)=x222=x24(x-2)(x+2)=x2-22=x2-4
Perfect square trinomial(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2ex : (2x+3)2=(2x)2+22x3+32=(2x+3)2=(2x)2+2⋅2x⋅3+32=
4x2+12x+94×2+12x+9
Binomial theorem(x+y)n=k=0nnCkxnkyk

 Probability and Sets for 12th Maths Formulas

CommutativeAB=BAA∪B=B∪AAB=BAA∩B=B∩A
AssociativeA(BC)=A(BC)A∪(B∪C)=A∪(B∪C)A(BC)=A(BC)A∩(B∩C)=A∩(B∩C)
Neutral elementA=AA∪∅=AAE=AA∩E=A
Absorbing elementAE=EA∪E=EA=A∩∅=∅
DistributiveA(BC)=(AB)(AC)A∪(B∩C)=(A∪B)∩(A∪C)A(BC)=(AB)(AC)A∩(B∪C)=(A∩B)∪(A∩C)
De Morgan’s lawsAB¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯=A¯¯¯B¯¯¯A∩B¯=A¯∪B¯AB¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯=A¯¯¯B¯¯¯A∪B¯=A¯∩B¯
Laplace lawsP(A)=Number of ways it can happenTotal number of outcomesP(A)=Number of ways it can happenTotal number of outcomes
Complement of an EventP(A¯¯¯)=1P(A)P(A¯)=1-P(A)
Union of EventsP(AB)=P(A)+P(B)P(AB)P(A∪B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A∩B)
Conditional ProbabilityP(AB)=P(AB)P(B)P(A∣B)=P(A∩B)P(B)
Independent EventsP(AB)=P(A)P(A∣B)=P(A)P(AB)=P(A)×P(B)P(A∩B)=P(A)×P(B)
PermutationPn=n!=n×(n1)××2×1Pn=n!=n×(n-1)×…×2×1ex : P4=4!=4×3×2×1=24P4=4!=4×3×2×1=24
Permutations without repetitionnAp=n!(np)!nAp=n!(n-p)!ex : 6A2=6!(62)!=306A2=6!(6-2)!=30
Permutations with repetitionnAp=npnAp′=npex : 5A3=53=1255A3′=53=125
CombinationnCp=nApp!=n!(np)!×p!nCp=nApp!=n!(n-p)!×p!ex : 5C4=5A44!=55C4=5A44!=5
Probability
Distribution
Average valueμ=x1p1+x2p2++xkpkμ=x1p1+x2p2+…+xkpk
Standard deviationσ=i=1kpi(xiμ)2−−−−−−−−−−−−⎷σ=∑i=1kpi(xi-μ)2
Binomial distributionP(X=k)=nCk.pk.(1p)nkP(X=k)=nCk.pk.(1-p)n-kex : B(10;0,6)B(10;0,6)
P(X=3)=10C3×0,63×0,47P(X=3)=10C3×0,63×0,47

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